Rio-based drummer, percussionist, composer and producer Stéphane SanJuan has been a member of Os Ritmistas, Orquestra Imperial, Cometa, among many others projects for twenty years… His affinity for rhythm began in his early youth, revealing itself through these top 5 tunes taken from records featuring the drummers that shaped his taste and style.

Art Blakey
Buhaina Chant

«The ultimate drumming album for me, incredible concepts, fantastic recording quality (R.I.P. Rudy Van Gelder) and beautiful playing by a lot of my main heroes like Art Blakey, Jo Jones, Patato Valdes and Sabu Martinez who also sings in the intro.»

Bernard Purdie
Cold Sweat

«As Mr. Purdie is the world’s most recorded drummer, he probably is the one that I’ve most heard and therefore was my main influence before I even realized who I was being influenced by. I didn’t know his name until I found this record and then more even about this wonderful artist. On this track, the drums are only on one side of the stereo mix, so when I was a kid, I would listen a lot to only the drums, then, to play along I’d listen without the drums and try to stick to the other players on the recording.»

Elza Soares

Deixa pra la

«My parents listened to a lot of Brazilian music and as Wilson Das Neves is the most recorded drummer in Brazil, he also is the drummer that I most heard, but who’s name I didn’t know until I discovered this record and then so much more about this phenomenal “sambista”. The king of samba drumming is at his best on this track, improvising upon Elza’s singing.»

Max Roach
Driva Man

«In my opinion, Max Roach was for the drums what John Coltrane was for the saxophone, a mad scientist, seeker, always looking to break the limits, he developed solo and harmonical concepts on the drums and in percussion. This track with singer Abbey Lincoln is sweet as a dream, but at the same time raw as his political statement.»

Art Pepper
The Trip

«This track helped me understand obsessional music and how to create a basic melody using the toms and then improvising on it. Elvin Jones plays a stunning pattern that gives a very full and rich base, then improvises around it using unbelievable dynamic skills for nearly ten minutes, taking you into a trance.»

Dave Grusin
Whalen Robbery (‘The Friends of Eddie Coyle’)

« Great funky soundtrack by Dave Grusin composed a few years before his more famous score for ‘The Three Days of the Condor’. A little know crime film by British director Peter Yates shot in 1973, five years after his masterpiece ‘Bullitt’ in 1968, the film is a great exponent of new Hollywood early 70s indie cinema. »
 
 

Serge Gainsbourg/Michel Colombier
No No Yes Yes (‘Mister Freedom’)

« Serge Gainsbourg did many soundtracks in France all along his career. one of his most famous being ‘Requiem Pour Un Con’ and ‘Sous Le Soleil Exactement’. This Soulful Jerk from 1968 is from a little known film by cult US photographer William Klein done at the height of the late 60’s counter culture frenzy. The track is arranged by Gainsbourg’s regular collaborator, Michel Colombier a year after he arranged Pierre Henry’s famous electronic jerks, Psyche Rock in particular. »
 
 

Frog
Witch Hunt (‘Psychomania’)

« John Cameron is behind the soundtrack of this obscure British horror film. An established pianist and producer who arranged ‘Sunshine Superman’ and Hot Chocolate’s ‘You Sexy Thing’ among others. Cameron was a skilled jazz pianist also active in the soundtrack department. He signed the scores for two Ken Loach films, ‘Poor Cow’ and especially ‘Kes’ a beautiful pastoral soundtrack featuring the flute of his regular collaborator Harold McNair. »
 
 

Max Roach
Scene B (‘Black Sun’)

« A superb, very little known jazz score by Roach featuring Clifford Jordan and Roach’s wife Abbey Lincoln. It was made for a cult ‘nuberubagu’ (nouvelle vague) Japanese film from 1964 by Kurahara Koreyoshi and shot in Tokyo. Kurahara had previously shot The Warped Ones in 1960 a film often compared to Godard’s Breathless and said to have greatly influenced Kubrick for A Clockwork Orange. »
 
 

Manu Dibango
Red Salter (‘Countdown at Kusini’)

« One of the rarest Blaxploitation soundtracks ever produced, ‘Countdown at Kusini’ is THE graal in terms of Blax soundtrack together with Bernard Purdie’s Lialeh OST. the original LP was only produced as a free “souvenir” for the film premiere in Seattle and was never commercially released. A superb blend of fender-Rhodes-drenched instrumentals and a pinch of African rhythms from the soul makossa King, it’s worth checking out, if you can find it that is. » 

Photo by Alain Mingam
 
 

With the reissue of his first and only LP so far and the recording of a second LP (40 years later!) in the pipeline, the legendary drummer drops by the Superfly shop for a quick chat!

 
 

Your were born in Jamaica, and stayed in touch with community when you moved to UK in 1962. Is it an aspect important in your career?

I stayed in the community because I had no alternative, dont forget i was only 18 years old… Yes it is, if I had not left Jamaica I would not have felt the urge to become a professional musician.

Is that why you had recorded for Esperance label, with some west-Indies musicians?

I recorded for Disc-Espérance because that was the label which offered the opportunity to record the music that I wanted to at that time! The musicians were the ones with whom I had started the group Space Spies, not only west-indies musicians but also one Portuguese and one Japanese Musician in the Group.

Why did you decide to play the drums?

I play the drums because I was born to play the drums.

You mentioned Rashied Ali as an important reference. Who were your mentors as drummers? and why?

Apart from Rashied Ali, there are also Cozy Cole, Kenny Clark, Philly Joe Jones, Roy Haynes, Max Roach, Milford Graves and many many more. Too many to mention here!

“Trapeze”

After studying music, you decided to move and live in Paris…

At the age of 11 in Jamaica, I decided – thanks to M. Maurice Chevalier – that France would be the only country that i would want to go to if and when I chose to leave Jamaica. So after London, I decided to come here. I started to study music so as to have something to offer when I eventually got here .

How was the French scene at this period? Where did you play?

The French musical scene was open, alive and welcoming. I started to work at once with François Tusques. We played everywhere, in MJC (Maison des Jeunes et de la Culture), university campuses, clubs…

In Paris, you became one of these totemic drummers of the free jazz scene, playing and recording with Francois Tusques, Steve Lacy, Archie Shepp, Anthony Braxton or Bobby Few. And also a member of french protest singer Colette Magny’s band. Nevertheless, you still are one of those unsung heroes. How could you explain it?

This question is not important : what is really important is that I am still alive and replying to this interview. Thank you very much!

In 1975, you published your first and only album. Why did you choose this title ‘Trapeze’ ? And, actually, was it well received by jazz critics and public?
This is a great question. The title ‘Trapeze’ is in to the Circus where the artists placed their lives in great danger, in great danger swinging high above the ground with rhythm and coordination. I was not and i am still not impressed by the critics as for the public, we were in direct competition with Miles at that time, Miles won of course.

With Colette Magny (“Repression”)

Where did you record that ? How was the record sessions’ moods ?

We recorded at Studio Washington in XVIeme arrondissement in Paris. It took a day (8 hours.) We were well prepared, hours of repetitions, but it was what we called a live recording session : no play backs, not more than two takes per track. The mood was great, the musicians were confident and there was no stress. I recorded the music that I sincerely believed people would enjoy, and the fact that it is being re-distributed for the third time proves somehow that I was right.

After that, you never recorded under your name, but toured and played with many musicians, from Miriam Makeba to François Tusques. Was it your choice ? How could you explain it ?

They called me, I never sought them out… I did record, a 45’s in 1984 for 4 Aces label, an independent label started by Barney Wilen and his wife, which was an attempt at some reggae (one song) which never got off the ground ! More seriously I never recorded album because I did not have anything that I thought worth-while after ‘Trapeze’.

In 1971, you came to France in order to study percussions at conservatory. In 1980’s, you became teacher at IACP, Alan Silva’s Parisian school. What did you learn in France? and what did you teach to younger fellows?

I decided classical percussion and piano in order to advance my musical capacities, I also studied at the Agostini Drum School started by Kenny Clarke and Dante Agostini in the late 60’s, which prepared me to qualify as a teacher at IACP. I taught my “solfege”, interpretation, technique, discipline, improvisation.

“Dancer”
 

Forty years after his first release, Noel McGhie & Space Spies LP is coming back in front, through his first vinyl reissue and after a CD reissue by Jazzin in 2003. Is it like a renaissance ?

Some producers have good taste and the public is still attracted to this album!

And will we have the luck to listen there repertory on stage?

No. I won’t be performing the whole Space-Spies repertory on stage. Just two titles re-worked that will be included on my next album

Finally, there are rumors about this second album, focusing on your Jamaican roots. Could you tell us more about that?

I have decided to re-visit my African-West-Indian musical heritage and I am currently preparing the above mentioned album with this aim. I would rather not talk about that. Let’s just wait and see how and if that will turn out.

To buy it

“For Gone Desillusion”

Each month, we are focusing on a record label founded by an active digger. This month, Jules Do Mar (on right) from En Avant La Zizique Records talked about his passion: soul to soul.

When did you start digging records?
Since I was a teenager basically, like many kids at this time (80’s/90’s) we spent hours and hours looking from some cheap records in independent second hands shops and flea markets. It was not really an obsession, more something like a hobby, but the purpose was already the same as now : find records that nobody of our friends had already. During this time of this socalled « golden age of french alternative punk rock scene », I got a lot of DIY productions : 45 rpm, home made tapes, bootlegs, auto-production stuffs…
In my early 20’s, I lived for few years in London, and I guess that’s in this big city surrouded at the time by a huge vinyl offer, diggin became my favorite sport. I had access to a a range of music far much important that what I knew before.
In this days, I used to share a house with a bunch of people coming from different places like Brazil, Trinidad, Ireland and a « mods » couple from northern England (Liverpool/Manchester). All these guys introduced me to different music worlds that I didn’t specially knew before. Fantastic period, it was like a kind of Erasmus program for young diggers, but nobody’s was student anymore, just youngsters with crap jobs to pay the rent and… the wax !

What Lps did you buy at first ? Do you still listen them?
I guess the first ever I bought with my own cash was a Berurier Noir LP, or maybe a french obscure punk rock band from the parisian suburbs where I used to live called « les Rats », at one of their gigs probably. At this age, soon as the owner of a records shop told you to get this band or this one, you didn’t really bother, you’ll get it. It was also the time of the US/UK classics like Clash, Pistols, Television, Dr Feelgood, Cramps… Records i still listen occasionally, but not the french.
More or less at the same time, I started to get some hard bop jazz records like Art Blakey & The Jazz Messengers, Coltrane, Max Roach, Monk. I’ m not sure I really understood this music but I had this feeling that one day I will be ready. The other truth is, I felt in love with the esthetic of jazz covers when I used to visit my neighbor, a real « soixante-huitard » with tons of LP’s in his flat.

Do you have a particular style or favorite period? And why?
If people watch our tiny catalogue, they could imagine we’re stuck in that R’n’B/Soul/Funk, but actually we are not. I don’t have a particular favorite style, but I must admit that I mainly dig 50’s, 60’s & 70’s american stuff, and when I said american, I definitively include the North, the Central and the South of the new continent called America.

Why?
Because it’s a migrant destination since few centuries now, and concerning music, there’s no better way to do so, mixing up people and cultures gave us up until now, the best results.

What was your first issue?
It was the vol 1 of our humble serie : Southern Sound ! Alvin « Shine » Robinson, an underestimated singer and great guitarist from NOLA with a singular laid back groove. He used to play as a sessionman for a lot of people in the area : Dr John, Allen Toussaint, Jessie Hill, Professor Longhair… And even Tom Waits and Carly Simon at some stages before his death in 1989. A good way to start, because we run out of our 500 copies quiet quickly.

Why En Avant La Zizique?
First of all, in this globalized market, we wanted to stick with a french name. I read the Boris Vian essai once, and I was amazed by how he understood the musical industry at the time (the late 40’s). Cleaver, funny and visionary. We know it’s a kind of slang difficult to translate, but it doesn’t seems to confuse the distributors and retailers abroad… So, we insist : En avant la zizique ! Because that’s what we’re talking about.

What is the esthetic line?
As a young artisanal imprint, we focus on 60’s & 70’s afro american music for the moment. Especially southern’s genre as Blues, Rhythm & Blues, Gospel, Soul and Funk. That’s what we like to play, to dig, to discover, and to tell the truth, that’s the microcosm we are in at the moment, with great contacts for licensing, researches… But if tomorrow we have the opportunity to release some punk music from Bangladesh or some Irish reggae, I mean why not if the story and the music is nice. The works of Numero Group, Light in the Attic, Sublime Frequencies, Strut, Universal Sounds/SoulJazz, Thomkins Square, Big Legal Mess, Ace Records… are inspiring us.

What could be your leitmotif of the label ?
Our name IS our leitmotiv : En Avant La Zizique ! Because that is what we’re here about, give a second breath to forgotten artists and recordings.

Why did you choose to focus only on 25 cm (10 inches)?
It’s not a definitive choice. The fact is, in the southern sounds serie, we are focusing on artists & who haven’t big recording career, so we plan to release only the best sides, we don’t like the idea of putting a maximum of songs like you can find in Charly’s R&B releases in 80’s : 15 tracks by side, but crap sound and crap design ! But tomorrow, we could go for 45 rpm boxset, or classy gatefold 12 inch. We just want some nice piece of wax, the one people would like to keep.

How do you decide on the choice of reissues?
Collegially ! We also see what is possible in terms of licence before presenting a new reissue project. Generally we’re trying to reach different people for different project at the same time, and we’re waiting to see what is coming back to us. Sometimes people come to our door.

Have you receive many negative answers on some of the artists you were trying to reissue?
No, not many, … But a lot of propositions En Avant La Zizique! records sadly could not afford.

There is more and more reissues of old LPs. Do you think that the LP reissue market could ever reach saturation point?
That is a point I often talk with digger friends, or other labels mate. When I see major companies re-press the Blues Brothers soundtrack, it make me laugh. You will find this LP in every single car boot sale or flea market in Europe for a couple of euros. So, yeah, in this days of « vinylmania », with a lot of companies surfing on this so cool vintage object to have, we might be able to reach a point were too many reissues will kill the reissue market. As it happens sometimes with trendy phenomena. At the same time, I can not blame this revival if it help indie labels, records shops and artists.
But what I am sure is there will always be some people crazy about music who will get their dope on wax. You know, this irreplaceable sensation to find a record you’re were looking for years, bringing it at home and spin it right away on your turntable. It’s Like a puff of good pot.

What are your next releases?
The newest is about Larry Birdsong, a Nashville born singer who started his career during the boom of rock’n’roll (in the mid 50’s) to slip to R’N’B, Soul or even Funk. We decide to focus on his late recordings, between 1967 and 1973, most of this titles have not been reissued on wax since they came out originally as 7 inch. And we have more stuff in our cellar. A gospel project, an anthology of a great psyche-blues-folk female singer, dozens of southern unsung heroes… Many ideas, many good music to re-release, but not much money to put this together. If some readers want to invest, make a sign.

What is the LP you dream of reissuing?
An hypothetical lost tape of something crazy recorded on Cadet/concept (subdivision of Chess). The backing band of Pigmeat Markham, or black rock band Black Merda jamming with some in house great vocalist like Marlena Shaw, Fontella Bass or Sugar Pie di Santo.
 

http://www.enavantlazizique.fr/blog/

 

photo : Maxim François / Vision Fugitive

 

Cofounder of Strata East Records, Stanley Cowell started his career in Detroit, in the sixties, before moving to New York. There, the pianist played with great jazzmen, both from the young generation and the older one like Max Roach with whom he recorded an LP. After the great seventies decade, he decided to teach but never stopped playing and recording. For us, he goes back to his story while he will publish a brand new album in may, focusing on the Civil Rights movement.

 
 

Did you grow up in a musical environment?
Yes. Though my mother often sang around the house, my father played a little violin and piano, and all my sisters took piano lessons for about six years, there were no professional musicians in my immediate family beside me. A niece, Michelle, became a professional lounge singer and entertainer with a local Toledo group called the Murphy’s, who toured the Holiday Inn circuit in the US for several years.

How did the piano come into your life? And the jazz?
My parents seemed to like and listen to as many types as were available in my formative years at home: popular songs, 18th and 19th century European classical, blues, gospel, hymns and other church related music. We always had a good radio, record players, and we had a television set by 1949. They seemed less interested in the favorite music of my teenage years, rhythm and blues, and later, modern jazz.

Which music did you listen to in the 1960s?
I heard the classical piano music my two older sisters and I practiced, our dance music, blues, rhythm ‘n blues and jazz on the juke box at my Dad’s restaurant, the hymns and church musics from various churches in the neighborhood; the good jazz, R & B and blues records that found there way from the restaurant to the house; blues singers like Muddy Waters, Howling Wolf, Little Walter, Big Bill Broonzy; the growing number R & B groups like Clyde McFatter & the Midnighters, Orioles, Diablos, at night on the radio station WLAC from Nashville, Tennessee. These were the musics of my youth until I discovered bebop and modern jazz at age 13.

Who were your reference pianists?
Art Tatum came to my house once when I was six years old (1947). He was visiting family and friends and encountered my father, who invited him to our house. My father asked Art to play piano for me. Art said that he would like for me to play first. I played a piece from Book 3 of a popular piano study series, John Thompson. Art then played a Rodgers & Hart song, “You Took Advantage of Me.” That was my once and only “live” hearing of Art Tatum. I never wanted to sound like Tatum, but I have had to develop the technical ability to imitate him in certain “homage” performances since the 1980s. But in the 60s, my influences were McCoy Tyner, Cecil Taylor, Bill Evans, Wynton Kelly, and Phineas Newborn. I liked Andrew Hill, Chick Corea, Keith Jarrett and Herbie Hancock, and considered them my peers.

Trio, 1959

Your professional debuts: how was the musical « scene » in Michigan?
I chose to defer New York a while longer for the opportunity to finish my master’s at nearby University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, majoring in piano performance. I attended Michigan starting January of 1965, and again I was immersed in studying piano, practicing and studying classical music by day, but playing jazz by night. The venue for jazz soon became six nights-a-week at The Town Bar, Ann Arbor. I was featured pianist with bassist Ron Brooks’ Trio. Ron Brooks’ previous pianist had been Bob James, who at that time was incorporating a great deal of freedom and experimentation into the trio. That base was the perfect situation to which I contributed, building the trio into a tight nucleus that attracted musicians and audiences from Detroit, Flint, and Lansing, Michigan, as well as Northern Ohio. As the political and social upheaval of the Sixties was being felt and expressed in the music most intensely then, The Town Bar became a hotbed of radical and revolutionary music making, often enjoined by the visiting avant garde artists from the area. Many of the guests who sat-in to play were from The Detroit Artists Workshop, founded by poet and radical thinker John Sinclair and his wife, Leni.
I began to link more and more with musicians of The Detroit Artists Workshop: trumpeter/composer Charles Moore, composer Jim Semark, bassist John Dana, and drummers Ron Johnson and Danny Spencer. We hosted and participated in concerts with the New York and Chicago avant garde: Archie Shepp, Marion Brown, Roscoe Mitchell and Joseph Jarman from The Art Ensemble of Chicago, emanating from the American Association of Creative Musicians. Initially, we were barely tolerated by Detroit’s classical bebop-oriented veteran musicians, but given the social climate of frustration among blacks, artists and young people, we and they knew we were a part of the forces of change. We were eventually accepted and joined in our efforts by some of the local professionals like trombonist George Bohanon and pianist Kirk Lightsey.
Ironically, in the midst of the experimentation and rhetoric of radicalism, I achieved my goal, I learned Bach’s “Goldberg” Variations, performed my masters recital consisting of Bach’s Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue in D minor, Schubert’s Sonata in A, D. 959, Chopin’s F minor Ballade, and Ravel’s Le Tombeau de Couperin, and I received my master’s degree in performance in the spring of 1966. This accomplished, I returned briefly to Toledo before finally moving to Manhattan’s midtown far westside by early August.

Stanley Cowell Trio
“Blues For The Vietcong”
 

Why did you decide to leave for New York?
I came to New York try my skills alongside my musical heroes, Max, Miles, Art Blakey, Mingus, etc.

What did that change in your life? Your career ?
To be hired to play in the bands of my heroes and to travel the world performing became my career and changed my life.

In the 1960s, you were playing with strong leaders: Roland Kirk, Max Roach, Bobby Hutcherson, Marion Brown, Harold Land. What did they explain, transmit or give to you?
They each gave me the opportunity to learn their music and offered me encouragement to discover my musical personality–to play from my heart and soul.

You were associated with the “new thing” scene and nevertheless you published your first record in a classic piano trio formula. Did you separate those two aspects of your career : as a sideman and as a leader?
I had choices as to which style, era, direction, political influence, I might want to pursue as a sideman or as a leader. The « new thing » was about protest and politics for me ; whereas the audiences for which I often played preferred more traditional sounds.

You seem to prefer smaller bands and more particularly the trio. Why? What does that bring to a pianist and composer like you?
It offers a challenge to me to play more interactively with the bassist and drummer ; to debug compositional structures and ideas that could be for bigger ensembles in the future.

During Strata East record sessions, 1970s

You wrote “Travelin man” and played it in 1969 on your first record as a leader. You went on recording and playing quite a few more versions of it. Can it be considered as your anthem? Are you the « travelin man »?
Yes, yes, yes ! The vision for it came in a dream, though.

What about the UK recording ‘Blues For The Viet Cong’? Why were you in Europe at that time and how long did you stay?
I was on tour with Charles Tolliver in the quartet, « Music Inc. » and we stayed for about one month.

How (and when) did you meet Charles Tolliver?
We met at a rehearsal at Max Roach’s house because he was forming a new quintet. We became members of that band in 1967.

Why did you create Strata East together?
We created Strata-East Records to become our
own producers and distributors of our music, and to help other artist-producers control their own musical destinies.

“Effi” from ‘Members, Don’t Git Weary’ (1968)
Written by Stanley Cowell
 

What rôles did each of you have in the label?
Charles became more the person who handled finances, and I became more the expansionist who maintained communications with the growing number of artist-producers who affiliated contractually with SER. We both maintained relations with the media outlets on behalf of the company, and we stressed the idea to the artist-producers that all of us become promotional persons for SER as we toured and performed.

What was the philosophy of this collaborative label?
The concept was that of a condominium. Charles and I created the corporation–in other words, we owned the building. The artist-producers owned their recording(s)–in other words, they owned space in the building. A legal contract agreement was mutually executed by SER and the artist-producers.

During the last twenty years or so, Strata East has become an important reference for the younger génération of Jazz aficionados. How do you explain this late success?
The success was due to hard work by Charles and myself in handling the fabrication and pressing, shipping, getting distribution, radio airplay, and expanding the catalog. SER’s financial arrangement with its artist-producers was revolutionary compared to the traditional record company : 70% of net sales went to the artist-producers. They actually had the power had they been able to come together harmoniously with a development plan.

Would a label like Strata East have more chances of existing today?
Probably.

Do you believe that now, in 2015, Young musicians would have the same difficulties to become known or get signed, or has the internet totally changed the situation?
It seems to me the internet is the music business now for creative music, known as « jazz. » Pop music still operates in the old manner, signing artists and exploiting them via the new media possibilities.

Back then, you formed a team with Charles Tolliver : Music Inc… What was the aesthetic ambition?
The aesthetic ambition was to compose, play and extend the music of our great influences, mentors and innovators, while keeping the distinguishing features of the jazz tradition. Cecil McBee, Charles and I, each contributed music to the Music Inc. repertoire.

After the end of Music Inc, did you continue to see and play with Charles?
I played with Charles occasionally. I wanted to get off the road so I curtailed my touring to teach.

In 2015, you will be in concert with him for the opening night of the Banlieues Bleues festival in Paris. What will be the program, the spirit of the concert?
Powerful rhythmic expression and virtuosity in the style of our collective recordings and performances will be the spirit of this concert.

Both you and Charles Tolliver are somewhat underestimated by the general public, but very well known by musicians. How do you explain this gap?
Jazz and creative, improvised music as a whole has not been a popular music for many years. The sincere, knowledgable jazz fan obviously does know about us, otherwise we would not continue to be invited to record and perform. We have not declined in our skills but have become seasoned, like fine wine.

What about the Piano Handscapes project with Strata-East? Did the idea of 5 pianists playing together come from you?
Pianist, Larry Willis, suggested this idea, and it happened around the same time as other same-instrument collectives began to form in New York.

The whole Superfly Records team loves the tunes where you use the Thumb Piano (“Travellin’ Man” on your solo piano LP, the killer “Smilin’ Billy Suite” on The Heath Brothers album…)! When did you discover the thumb piano? Were you the first to introduce it in jazz records?
My sister, Dolores, gave it to me sometime in the late 1960s. I played it in the Music Inc. band, and entertained myself in hotel rooms as I traveled the world performing. I have used it for encores, on afro-pop and calypso type songs, and with the Heath Brothers accompanying some soft ballads.

You also released ‘Regeneration’, a more soul oriented LP… Why this title?
I was interested in world music and wanted to bring together some of my colleagues who played non-Western instruments, folk music, and jazz.

How did the session take place? And why did you not renew this type of experience with larger bands as opposed your former, smaller bands?
I had the freedom to create and produce what I wanted on Strata-East label but I wanted to improve small ensemble playing with traditional bands, work on my soloing in that context, and bring my composing skills more to the forefront.

In the 1970s you played and recorded a lot. And then suddenly, you stopped recording… What lays behind that choice? What changed?
I made a recording for ECM Records, and made four records for the Galaxy label (Fantasy-Prestige). Then I began teaching in the City University of New York system at Lehman College. I made this decision for the financial security that would allow me to marry and raise a daughter, Sienna. Consequently, I had the option not to take every gigs that was offered. I could avoid the smoky clubs, the lat-night life, and the negatives that life style could produce–health issues, etc.

You chose to teach jazz: what we can do, what we owe and what we are passing on? Is there anything that cannot be taught ?
I have a university master’s degree in music as a classical pianist, studied composition, music history and theory, but studied and learned to play and write jazz on my own. So, I was able to teach music history as well as jazz courses. It takes a person with certain acquired skills to transmit knowledge about any subject. I thought I had that potential, so when I was offered the professorship in 1981, I began learning something important to the transmission of the great arts.
If we have the patience, knowledge and wisdom from experience, we can teach jazz or any type of music or art. We cannot necessarily teach the finer points of creativity, style, sensitivity, compassion, value. But we can point the student(s) in that direction. It is up to their evolution and development of skills that will lead them to be able to personalize their craft.

What look to you take on new generations of jazzmen?
The skill level is high in many areas of the art of jazz. Of course, there are so many many branches and styles in the music today–admixtures, global influences, technology, etc.

Why has your music always found its roots in the blues?
I heard it as a child in my house and through my bedroom wisdom at night from a nightclub across the way. « Race » records were the popular source of music in my community. My father catered to musicians in his restaurant and later at is motel. He brought musicians to our home–including Art Tatum. Yes, blues inflection and form still influence my music, tempered by my other cultural and musical experiences.

Do you believe it is still the cement (unconscious) of the musical community in the US?
I think not as much as it was in the 20th century. There are so many students and performers of jazz who come from diverse cultures. Consequently, blues does not express what they feel, nor does it express what they want to express. All artists may be challenged like never before with the wide array of choices and directions. The question remains : How do I personalize this ?

Sometimes, during your career, you were contemplated for bringing in elements from the other Afro-American or African communities. Have you ever felt like you were making a “diasporic” music?
Perhaps, I will again. Right now, though, I am more interested in live electronic processing of my music as is heard on my recent SteepleChase CD, Welcome To This New World. I must mention that I have created a number of diverse works for orchestra, brass ensembles, woodwind quintet, choir, and electronic music since 1988, which have never been recorded. They are available to listen for free on my Google drive at should anyone be interested: https://docs.google.com/folder/d/0B2EgAWPq8mJqUHQxWklyR2c1b28/edit

You have just recorded a new record built around the civil rights movement in the USA. Do you think the musicians, through their compositions, are good witnesses of their time ?
Well, we try ! I suppose the real answer to that will not be known for many years.

How did you compose the repertory of this record ? Was it your idea?
The idea came from two sources : The first came when Vision Fugitive producer, Philippe Ghielmetti , met with me in the US in 2005. He proposed a « Juneteenth » solo project for the label he was producing for at that that time ; the second came from a professor very knowledgeable of African American history suggesting that a composition written for the sesquicentennial of the Emancipation Proclamation, announcing the freeing of slaves in the US, would be an interesting project to undertake during my 2007 Rutgers University sabbatical. I did not pursue that idea for several years but began to compose it 2012, for concert band, choir, percussion and electro-acoustic sounds. Of course, the work was too large to be performed or recorded before I retired from the university. However, I was able to make a solo piano reduction of most of the score, titled, « Junteenth Emancipation Suite », and this is what I recorded recently for Philippe, along with a 17-minute improvised « recollection » of the suite and a couple of other pertinent songs.

His next record, on Vision Fugitive

Why did you decide to cover “We Shall Overcome”? What does this song represent for you?
It is the anthem of the civil rights era ! It represents faith, the ideal of non-violence, and solidarity with suffering peoples around the world who are trying to free themselves from oppression. Of course, some times this process can morph into violence. Being a jazz musician known for rearranging songs (obscuring the obvious) in order to present them in a new and creative way, I played the melody as the bass part of the song, reharmonized it, and improvised solos above it.

And you linked it to a gospel… Why the gospel? Is it the voice of speechless people?
The gospel piece was included on the « Juneteenth » CD to suggest and reaffirm the power of faith that played such an important role in the civil rights struggle in the US. Gospel and the spiritual song have been a powerful expression of speechless people/disenfranchised people in the US ever since black Americans applied their musics to the theoretical promises found in the Judeo-Christian religious texts.

 
“Travelin Man”, his classic

At the time of the civil rights movement, you were 20 years old. Were you involved in this fight?
No, not directly. I did not march in the South. But as a black person I felt the anger and frustration, and sympathized with those directly involved in the struggle. Having been born and raised in the North, Toledo, Ohio to be exact, and being in already integrated schools, and not sensing most of the discrimination or bias from white Americans, I led a studious life devoted to music, within a successful and harmonious family, in a predominantly black community. At the age of 19 until 20, I was a student in Austria, far from the civil rights struggle. Upon my return to the US, I became much more aware of the racial divide, discrimination and racism. If you follow the news today with the recent shootings of unarmed black males by police, it may seem that there has been no progress. Be watchful ! Despite having elected a black president, there are racists individuals, anti-black groups, and powerful people that resent the progress of African Americans. And they continue to work to undermine the milestones in economic, legislative and political areas.

Was the jazz community in the front line of the civil rights movement?
Certain ones like Billie Holiday by singing « Strange Fruit », Max Roach, Charles Mingus and Archie Shepp in their famous suites and compositions expressed their indignation with racism and their support of the civil rights movement. They were my influences and mentors toward including a protesting and political bent to some of my works and musical endeavors.

What is the role or the place of a musician in society: the griot? The watchtower? The activist?
I would reply : « all of the above. » We are not just artists, we are citizens of our respective nations, and ultimately, citizens of the world. In our own personal ways, and when necessary, in unity with others, we should add our « fuel » to the cleansing fire against injustice!

On June 19th, 1865 slaves of Texas were the first ones to become “emancipated”, Free ! 150 years later, the anniversary is still officially celebrated. 150 years later, were all the problems settled ?
Obviously not !

Thank you for letting me express somethings regarding my life in music, especially jazz, and my feelings on art, life and injustice. Looking forward to returning to Paris in March with Charles Tolliver and the Strata-East All Stars.

this interview is also published, in a shorter version, in Jazz News.

The finest in jazz since 1939 ! This slogan is a trademark. In celebration of the 75th anniversary of Blue Note Records, YellowKorner pays tribute to Francis Wolff, the co-founder with Alfred Lion and in-house photographer of the prestigious record label, by publishing an amazing photo book and presenting a series of exclusive images seen through the lens of this master of jazz photography. From 1941-1965 Francis Wolff took thousands of photographs during the rehearsals and recording sessions that participate Blue Note Records legend.

Numerous portraits of legendary musicians as Art Blakey, Dexter Gordon, Herbie Hancock, Clifford Brown, Ornette Coleman, Wayne Shorter and many more, during record sessions, but also many pictures of these jazzmen in the city. All of them contributed in no small part to the success of the New York label. Mostly reproduced on the covers of the Blue Note discs, these powerful black and white shots gave a strong visual identity to the label, in connection with the unique designer Reid Miles. A myth was born.

YellowKorner further supports the importance of this anniversary by publishing 1939 copies of a hitherto unpublished work, written by Michael Cuscuna and telling the story of the creation and the dynamism of this historic label. Individually numbered and signed by Wayne Shorter, this superb collector’s item includes a collection of 150 exceptional Blue Note photographs taken during recording sessions.

http://www.yellowkorner.com/books/1652/blue-note.aspx

 
 

« For me, to produce, it is to conceive an idea, and to be able to lead it to its term. What supposes that you have to make everything, or almost. » Alan Douglas had the feeling of the street. « It is from there that all the good ideas come. » If he wasn’t under the spotlight, this native of Boston was nevertheless one of the key figures of his time. The era of the end of the golden age of jazz and the irresistible ascension of the pop culture. Alan Douglas was best known for his lengthy association with Jimi Hendrix. Certainly, the guitarist was his friend, and the one who marked him for all his life, but Alan Douglas’s career cannot be resumed to these two years of complicity! Producer of numerous records which will become classics, he also published number of collections of protest singers, worked for Hollywood or avant-garde movies. That’s why we pay him tribute with a selection of 10 LP’s, which tell each a part of the incredible destiny of this hit man, died June 7th, 2014 at 81 years. 10 LP’s, but only one, singular, original vision of the music.
 
 
 
 

Alan Douglas enters the legend by creating a summit meeting. “Money Jungle” put together in 1962 an exceptional trio. «I had got on with Duke in Paris. We spoke about the fact to see us again, later. One day, I was in my office, in New York, when one employee warned me that mister Ellington was there. And directly, he told me: “Well, let us speak about the record that you would like to produce with me, for the pleasure…” I answered him that as regards for the big band, there were enough existing records. On the other hand, I liked very much the way he plays the piano, and I wanted to hear him in small band. I proposed him Charles Mingus and Max Roach, by arguing of the fact that they were in a way these heirs, carriers of the same values. My idea seduced him…»
 

«The jazz, it is the soundtrack of my life. I know that it is a commonplace : but it’s true, the jazz isn’t a reducible music in a definitive definition, in a small box. It is an attitude, an emotion, a way of feeling, living, the world. » In 1962, Alan Douglas is so going to produce 18 LP’s, among which some will become very popular. « That represents well all the aesthetics of the jazz at that time. Even if I was not able to have Ornette and Miles. The bop which arrived at its term, the free exploded the forms, the rock was at the top, the fusion was not any more going to delay. This sixties were rich, trust in me!»
 

After United Artists, Alan Douglas launched Record FM. « We began with Eric Dolphy. I asked him what he wanted to record? “Just to play, nobody lets me make what I want. With musicians who I love.” Dolphy never complained. But, for sure, he knew exactly what he wanted to hear. Some words, but it was very clear. Finally, some notes more than few words, because he always had a walk with his flute, and took out it to show you what he wanted as a music. And all the musicians wanted to show themselves deserving him. So, my job was rather simple: sit down and listen these magnificent sessions. Doubtless among the best which I keep in memory. We stayed in studio one week, from 3 pm untill 3 am. As a result: two LP which I consider as his best. » Recorded with Gotha of the new thing, “Conversations” and “Iron Man” are considered as monuments of new jazz.
 

« Richie Havens was one of the personalities of the clubs in New York Village in the beginning of the 60’s. We could hear him with the guitar almost everywhere. But there was an ironical problem : nobody could understand that a Black sings folk song, and not the real blues. » Alan Douglas gets the songwritter well before the glory of Woodstock. « The true personality of Richie Havens is there. Not try to have hits. Just inhale the mood of time, the asphalt of New York. I baptized the sessions “Electric Havens”, not for the electric dimension of the music, but in reference to the electricity which he created on his audience, in the power which he irradiated. It was enormous. »
 

« A good friend gave me 25 000 dollars to create my own record label. He just asked me to call it: Alan Douglas Records. A little bit too much! Thus I suggested him just Douglas. » The Bostonian is going to produce LP always on the same principle : new meetings which he suggests. Like on this record, of post-bop, quite modal, which associates under the name of the american drummer the keyboard player Chick Corea and the saxophonist John Gilmore!
 

It is at the corner of the 137th street and Lennox Avenue that Alan Douglas discovered Last Poets. Two records testify of it. The first was a masterpiece, « an happening of three hours in studio, as what I had heard in the street ». This episode will be burnt in the mythology of the rap which was not born yet. « Jalal had understood the history of the spoken poetry. Of course, you can go back to the african griots. That it is the essence of this art. But the shape took roots in certain prisons of the South of the United States. It is what we call the jail toast. The source of the rap. And that doesn’t learn as the guitar or the piano. No lesson. It is a natural capacity to know how to use the rhymes. In prisons, those who used this technique told their stories. Crimes, murders, dope, prostitutes… » The street, again and again.
 

With John McLaughlin, Alan Douglas is going to produce two LP, two great pieces to put in his credit. “Devotion”, a record influenced by the presence of Buddy Miles, « not the best drummer of the world, but the guy who was able to give a color r&b », and “My Goals Beyond”, with a cross-country team (Badal Roy, Airto Moreira, Dave Liebman) which translates the conversion of the British in the indian philosophy. A classic, still one, like for this incredible vision of the standard “Goodbye Pork Pie Hat”.
 

The painter Mati Klarwein is going to illustrate several LP produced by Alan Douglas among which a collection of texts of the hero of the black power, Malcom X, entitled “By Any Means Necessary”, one 7 inch posthumous of Jimi Hendrix and The Last Poets’s LP, but also this album of Jerry Garcia, ex Grateful Dead. « Mati was a part of the band! » In this crew, there were two women, Stella, the wife of Alan Douglas, and Colette, whose shop of clothes, in the district of Soho, in New York, was then the place to be. There was also Jimi Hendrix, and Miles Davis, who tried to work with the guitarist. Unfortunately, for questions of dollars, and also ego trip, this session will never take place!
 

Alan Douglas signs in 1973 the fantastic “Hustlers Convention”, where Jalal of Last Poets appears under the name of Lightnin’ Rod. This LP looks like a sort of Babel of the great black music. A manifesto with Kool And The Gang and latin brothers of Barrio, with also two saxophonists well known: Julius Hemphill, icon of the new thing, and King Curtis, star of the good old time rhythm’n’blues. An album unsuccessfully, except for the esthetes. With Jalal, Alan Douglas will also record an historic take with Hendrix, called “Doriella Dufontaine”. « Everything left an improvisation between Jalal and Buddy Miles, on drums. And Jimi got up and said: let me play that. We reloaded everything: Jalal took a microphone, Jimi opposite in another room, and Buddy ready to go far away… Non-stop thirteen minutes. An improv. Magnificent ! Done… In the box ! »
 

Alan Douglas is going to sign between 14 and on May 23rd 1976 an epic series. “Wildflowers” in the RivBea studio, the loft held by the saxophonist Sam Rivers. A long chorus which takes the shape of several LP of anthology. All the jazz (or almost) was there. Henry Threadgill, Randy Weston, Roscoe Mitchell, Anthony Braxton … Imagine the atmosphere, hot. Quite libertarian. Fire free. « For the rather dark period for the jazz, out of order of any idea, it was a bright period. »
 
 
 

Listen Alan Douglas talking to Smokey about Duke Ellington, Last Poets, Jimi Hendrix and co :

WHAT DID NEW YORK CITY REPRESENT FOR A YOUNG JAZZMAN? A PLACE TO BE?

When I was ten years old my parents decided to move to New York City from my birthplace of Jacksonville, Florida. Just after arriving, my mother entered me in the famous Apollo Theater “Amateur Hour”. During those, the early fifties, almost all contestants were singers. I was the only instrumentist ! But I placed at the top. The song I played ‘Because Of You’. Also during these years if you placed at the top, your reward was a work experience with the Red Prysock Orchestra.

WHAT WERE YOUR FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF THE CITY ? YOU LIVED AT FIRST IN HARLEM, THEN IN BROOKLYN: WHAT WERE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THOSE TWO PARTS OF THE CITY?

Of course for a child that age schooling and getting to know the city occupied most of teenage years. Around eleven/twelve, my mother’s brother had a lot of hip LPs which I occupied myself listening to. I had already been doing that since the age of six/seven at home, in Jacksonville. My mother’s father had original 78 rpms Jazz At The Philharmonic presentations of Norman Granz, which I was already “scatting” to. So I knew what was hip and what was ‘has been’ by the age of eight, so amongst those LPs of my uncle I discovered Max Roach and Clifford Brown At Basin Street on EmArcy. I knew immediately that it was just about the hippest thing I’d ever heard and right there I made the decision that this would be my life’s work. So between eleven/twelve until graduation from high school at seventeen years of age, most of my working hours were spent listening to everything.

YOU PLAYED AS A SIDEMAN, AND FURTHER AS A LEADER, DURING THE SIXTIES… WHAT WERE YOUR MAIN INFLUENCES? JACKIE MCLEAN? MAX ROACH? DIZZY?

My main influence, until I found Clifford Brown, was Charlie Shavers at that point. New York’s Harlem where I grew up was a sort of paradise. From my house located on 137street & eight avenue, I was in walking distance of two main jam session spots : Count Basie’s bar and a place called Brankers. It was at those two places that musicians young and old came on Monday nights to be heard in the hope of getting in and being accepted into the scene. I didn’t participate yet, just listened. I went away to Washington, between eighteen and twenty one, but I decided in 1963 to return home because I felt I was ready to participate. My family had moved to Brooklyn and there was a club in that part of town named Blue Coronet where many soon-to-be major figures were playing. I too jammed there and one night I met a fella named Jim Harrison who had started his own Jackie McLean Fan Club. He told me that maybe Jackie McLean was looking for a new trumpeter and that I should go see him. He gave me his contact, and I went to meet him. The rest is history ! Without having barely, if at all, heard what he sounded like, Jackie put me on his next recording for Blue Note : It’s Time. That changed my life forever.

YOU WERE (WITH WOODY SHAW) ONE OF THE CATS ON TRUMPET… HOW COULD YOU EXPLAIN THE FACT RECORD COMPANIES DIDN’T OFFER TO YOU A GOOD DEAL?

For the next couple of years, I performed and recorded with Jackie. He was my mentor into the scene. It was also during this period that Alfred Lions sold his masterpiece, Blue Note Records, to Transamerica Corp/United Artist. Both myself and Woody Shaw had been placed on significant Blue Note recordings but for some reason Alfred Lions would not give us a record session of our own, which had been up to that point what usually happened with young lions trumpeters brought in by established stars within the label, and that is you would be given your own recording as leader. It would take Woody Shaw nearly five more years before he got his chance with Columbia, curtailing Dexter Gordon.

IN THE EARLY SEVENTIES, WHAT WAS THE PLACE OF JAZZ IN THE MUSIC BUSINESS? WAS IT HARDER AND HARDER FOR YOUNG MUSICIANS LIKE YOU?

One cannot be certain, but the last A&R guy of the original Blue Note label, Duke Pearson – himself trumpeter as well as pianist by the way – before Alfred Lions sold the company, perhaps didn’t push for us to record as leaders, as the A&R before him, Ike Quebec, did for Freddie Hubbard. Speaking of Freddie Hubbard, I first met him when he had just arrived to New York. I was seventeen, he was twenty one. Since that moment we were friends and confidants until his death.

THAT WAS WHY YOU DECIDED TO CREATE STRATA EAST?

With respect to recording contracts, it is as much about who in the business, A&R, managers, agents, record label execs, etc. will champion your cause and more often it is those elements more than your artistry which gets you there. As mentioned Woody Shaw, as good as he was, had to wait until the mid seventies before being championed. I decided in 1970 to just go ahead and get involved with the whole process; being a musician artist, composing, arranging, and issuing my recordings with a company I would create. I had already in 1969 made my first LP as a leader for Alan Bates while he was still an executive at Polydor in London, “The Ringer”, featuring my first quartet which included Stanley Cowell.

COULD YOU TELL ME MORE ABOUT YOUR PARTNERSHIP WITH STANLEY COWELL ? HOW LONG YOU HAVE KNOWN HIM FOR? WAS HE A KIND OF ALTER EGO? HOW DID YOU WORK TOGETHER?

Stanley Cowell and I met for the first time at the first rehearsal to start the new Max Roach quintet in 1967. From That moment until now we became close friends and confidents. Three years later we decided to record a big band and shop it to the labels that existed at the time, including the major indies. We didn’t find interest, so right then and there I decided we do the whole “9 yards” ourselves. There was not yet the thought of a record label, just get this recording “Music Inc & Big Band” into the market.

WHY DID YOU CHOOSE THIS NAME STRATA EAST? WHAT DOES IT MEAN?

To make a long story short, researching everything about how the industry companies did it, we went about the business of record (LP) in manufacturing of distribution. We didn’t have a name for the label yet, but Stanley knew some musician colleagues in Detroit, Michigan – The Contemporary Jazz Quintet, Kenny Cox/Charles Moore – who had already started a musician-owned music production company named Strata. We decided to call our operations Strata East, meaning the eastern side of the USA for Strata. We were completely separate companies but ideologically linked : “musician owned”. Strata East was born.

WAS IT A KIND OF COOPERATIVE ? ALTERNATIVE? AND DID YOU CHOOSE WHO YOU SIGNED?

Back to making a long story shorter : the jazz radio disc-jokeys at a radio station at the time WLIB started playing the LP and we slowly started getting small orders from “Mom & Pops” one-stop distributors, and we also distributed through another musician run company JCOA headed by Carla Bley and Mike Mantler which lasted for several years. Other musicians, some known, some unknown, began asking how we did it and could they join. I decided there would be no artist under contract. The artist would have to produce his own product just as Stanley and I had. We, Strata East, would serve as their conduit to the market place with 70/80 payback to them. IT WAS A GOOD DEAL… Some people thought it was a crazy idea… The traditional thought being that if you start a record label – and you want to make money – you put an artist under contractual control. I and Stanley decided that since out of necessity we had financed our LP which launched the label, we not only owned the masters but if we let others join so too would they own their masters since the requirement to join was them having already financed their recording thus become the major recipient of the proceeds. The result of this idea didn’t really become apparent until we issued Gil Scott-Heron’s “Winter in America”.

SCOTT-HERON, CLIFFORD JORDAN, CECIL MC BEE, HEATH BROTHERS… WHAT WAS THE LINK BETWEEN ALL THESE MUSICIANS?  WAS THERE A SORT OF ARTISTIC DIRECTION? ESTHAETIC LINE?

Prior to Gil Scott-Heron’s product, the artist who really contributed much to the Strata East formula was Clifford Jordan who in essence had already busied himself with producing at least four products which he was to bring to the label. Then many of our colleagues joined : like you mentioned, the bass player Cecil McBee, the brotherhood Heath –Jimmy, Percy and Tootie –, Bill Lee, Spike’s father, the Monk’s saxophonist Charlie Rouse, Billy Harper and many others…

YOUR EXPOSURE CHANGED AFTER THE SUCESS OF WINTER IN AMERICA. HOW MANY RECORDS DID YOU PUT OUT ON STRATA EAST IN THE END?

With the success of Scott-Heron, the “major recipient” idea quickly caught until at one point we were carrying fifty titles through 1982. From the inception of Strata East in 1971 until 1982 I kept things going while still performing both with the quartet and occasionally with large ensembles. I kept the label going by leasing to many companies throughout Europe, Scandinavia and Japan. By doing so the LPs always found their way back to America and into the retail store that were alive in those hey days, I.C., Tower, HMV, etc.

MOST OF US ARE FASCINATED BY THE STRATA EAST RECORD LABEL. THERE IS ONE PARTICULAR RECORD FROM THAT CATALOGUE THAT HAS REMAINED MYSTERIOUS TO US. IT’S JOHN GORDON’S “EROTICA SUITE” FROM 1978. CAN YOU TELL US ANYTHING ABOUT THIS RECORD?

John Gordon & I became colleagues in a loft we shared around the corner from the storied 89 East Broadway loft both of which were a vital part of the mid-sixties loft jazz scene melting pot for new modern be-bop players and new avant garde players. Some years after Stanley & I got the label going John decided to join and the result was his “Erotica Suite” (and before that “Step By Step” published in 1976) which we also performed on. It is still a recording I very much enjoy. Sadly John passed away some years ago.

GENERALLY SPEAKING WHY ARE SOME OF THE STRATA EAST RECORDS SO RARE? I THINK ABOUT BILLY PARKER’S FOURTH WORLD, SHAMEK FARRAH, MBOOM PERCUSSIONS…

Generally speaking many of the Strata East recordings are rare now because they were one-off recordings by the artist who afterwards disappeared from the scene never to return. Billy Parker (Fourth World) and Shamek Farah by example. In the case of MBoom the anticipated release on Strata East never materialized because the participants decided to release it elsewhere. Mboom was a collective group essentially all leaders of it.

WERE COPIES DESTROYED OR WAS THERE JUST NO ENOUGH BELIEF IN THEIR COMMERCIAL SUCCESS AT THAT TIME?

Any LP copies of commercially released Strata East recordings were never destroyed. At the end of a deal with any particular artist that artist was given their masters and any LPs that may have been left in stock to sell for themselves. No deal was ever made with any artist based on whether or not it would be a commercial success. It was made because the artist wanted and needed to have a product commercially issued and came to us to help them accomplish that. Obviously some were more successful than others.

BY THE WAY, YOU STILL LISTEN TO YOUR OLD RECORDS? ON LP?

Rarely do I listen to my own vintage LPs because I don’t want to damage them with the needle. I do from time to time listen to them on CD issues.

AND WHAT WAS HAPPENING AT THE END OF THE SEVENTIES? WHY DID THE STRATA EAST ADVENTURE FADE AWAY? YOU DISAPPEARED DURING THE EIGHTIES BUT YOUR NAME AND THE STRATA EAST LABEL WERE STILL WELL KNOWN BY MUSIC LOVERS…

After 1982, I decided to rest things for a while. Strata East never ceased ! As long as I am alive it lives. The cult thing about the label started to happen long before the demise of the LP because I operated very quietly, no fanfare. So people were always wondering what happened to Strata East. Well, it wasn’t the traditional record operation although it facially had the look of an up and running operation. In 1989 I retooled the masters of myself and Stanley and a few other original colleagues of the label, and reissued some twenty five recordings of the catalogue on CD. Those CDs found their way to the market exactly as I had done before, by leasing overseas and they found their way back to the USA stores. Younger musicians and entrepreneurs who have taken a look at the Strata East model are now issuing their recordings with that model in mind. You own your own master and you should be the “major recipient”.

(c) Jimmy Katz

BACK TO THE EIGHTIES. IT WAS A NEW AGE OF JAZZ : WYNTON MARSALIS, AND YOUNG TRADITIONNAL CATS ; HOW DID YOU LOOK AT THIS PHENOMENA? A KIND OF COME-BACK TO THE PAST? A FAKE IDEA?

With respect to a new age of jazz unless newer musicians have assimilated the original giants, what is called new age means nothing. And one can hear that in a lot of them. I’m not unhappy with the state of things however for there are a few of us still “taking no prisoners” on the bandstand keeping things honest. The superiority of the originals still reigns supreme.

LAST BUT NOT LEAST, YOU PLAYED IN JAZZ AT LINCOLN CENTER END OF OCTOBER 2011 FOR A TRIBUTE TO COLTRANE’S AFRICA BRASS…

The Africa Brass thing is an idea of Reggie Workman. The original scores by Eric Dolphy were long ago lost. I resurrected them from the grooves of the LPs and created additional choir to it. This was presented like that at Lincoln Center.

DO YOU THINK, AFTER ALL THOSE YEARS, THE HOLY GHOST OF COLTRANE STILL HAUNTING ALL THE JAZZ?

You know, John Coltrane still is and will always be the last definitive model for this music, far superior to the brand new generations. And I have always been on the disciples to carry that enduring message.

YOU CAME BACK AFTER TWENTY FIVE YEARS IN FRONT OF JAZZ ON BLUE NOTE RECORDS, THE LABEL WHERE YOU BEGAN TO RECORD IN SIXTIES… HOW DO YOU LOOK AT THIS LOOP? AND WHAT DID IT CHANGE AFTER ALL THOSE YEARS?

Lastly, I did the recent Blue Note to prove a point. A major record operation if it so chooses – that is, follow the wishes of its president – can make any recording FLY. Not even Bruce Lundvall (former boss) could save the original intent of Blue Note once EMI was monopolized by Terra Firma.

YOU ARE CELEBRATING YOUR FIFTIETH CAREER ANNIVERSARY IN 2014. WHAT STAGE PROJECTS DO YOU HAVE?

For the coming 2014 celebration of my fiftieth year I will perform on stage as I began my career with the small combo format, quartet and sometimes quintet. It is where I have always lived no matter my occasional run with the big band format. First I will be introducing my new combo featuring a great relatively new guitarist Bruce Edwards, a great new young pianist Theo Hill, a great new young bassist Devin Starks, and the great seasoned former Herbie Hancock drummer Gene Jackson.

FOR THIS ANNIVERSARY, WOULD NOT IT BE THE OPPORTUNITY ALSO TO PUBLISH A BOXSET OF YOUR ACTIVITY ON STRATA EAST? FOR INSTANCE ON MOSAIC?

Mosaic and Strata East have released two 3CDsets of me which one could say is like a boxset together : Mosaic Select 20 which is a combination of “Live at Slugs Vol. I & II” and “Live in Tokyo”, and Mosaic Select 37 which is a combination of three recordings – the 1970 recording which launched Strata East, “Music Inc & Big Band” (See here TV Show jazz session in Paris 1971), the 1975 big band recording “Impact”, and a 1979 recording made with the NDR radio jazz orchestra. We’ll see what else we collaborate on for the near future.

COULD WE IMAGINE A TOUR IN DUET WITH STANLEY COWELL?

At some point during the year perhaps my colleague Stanley will join me to reprise the quartet Music Inc.

DID NEW YORK CHANGE AFTER ALL THESE YEARS?

New York indeed has changed since I debuted in 1964. For one thing only a handful (if that) of the original modern jazz innovators and the generation before me are still alive. New players like when I came along could rub shoulders with those giants every night because there were so many of them playing the New York club scene. You could hear and see them live, meet them, and maybe get a chance to perform with them if they liked what you were doing. The scenario for that has changed.